Organizational Structures

By
Understanding Organizations

  • Improve the success of project with better understanding of organizations.
  • Organizations can viewed as:
    • The structural frame - deals with how the organization is structured.
    • The human resources frame - focuses on producing harmony. between the need of organization and the need of the people.
    • The political frame - address organizational and personal politics.
    • The symbolic frame - focuses on symbols and meanings.
  • Project manager must learn to use all four of these in order to function well in organizations.


Three organizational structures are:

  • Functional:- the hierarchy most people think of when picturing an organizational chart. For example, colleges and universities.
  • Project:- the hierarchy structure, but instead of functional managers or vice presidents reporting to the CEO, project managers report to the CEO. For example, MAS Aircraft Company.
  • Matrix:- represent the middle ground between functional and project structures. Personnel often report to both a functional manager and one or more project managers.

Comments

Post a Comment

Popular posts from this blog

History of the Computer

By
Image
1940 In1940, Samuel Williams and Stibitz complete a calculator which can operate on complex numbers, and give it the imaginative name of the Complex Number Calculator (CNC) later we call it Model I Relay Calculator. Stibitz stunned the group by performing calculations remotely on the CNC that located in New York, he used a telephone lines to connect. This telephone can switch parts for logic: 450 relays and 10 crossbar switches. Numbers are represented in "plus 3 BCD"; that is, for each decimal digit, 0 is represented by binary 0011, 1 by 0100, and so on up to 1100 for 9; this scheme requires fewer relays than straight BCD. Rather than requiring users to come to the machine to use it, the calculator is provided with three remote keyboards, at various places in the building, in the form of teletypes. Only one can be used at a time, and the output is automatically displayed on the same one. 1941 Konrad Zuse (German Engineer) completed the Z3.Z3 is the first o...
Read more

Wireless Transmission Media

By
Wireless Transmission Media - send communications signals through air or space. Used when inconvenient, impractical, or impossible to install cables. Types Wireless Transmission Media 1. Broadcast Radio – distributes radio signals through the air over long distances such as between cities, regions and countries and short distances such as within am office or home. Transfer rate = up to 54 Mbps *BluetoothTM – uses short-range radio waves to transmit data at a rate of 1 Mbps among BluetoothTM-enabled devices. To communicate between each other a small chip is embedded in the devices. BluetoothTM enabled devices include desktop PC, notebook PC, hand-held computers, Internet appliances, cellular telephones, fax machines and printers. 2. Cellular Radio – a form of broadcast radio that is used widely for mobile communications, specifically wireless modems and cellular telephones. Transfer rate = 9,600 bps to 384 Kbps *Personal Communication Sevices (PCS) is asset of technologi...
Read more

Systems View of Project Management

By
Systems thinking - taking a holistic view of projects and the organization to effectively handle complex situations. Systems approach - a holistic and analytically approach to solving complex problems that includes using a systems philosophy, systems analysis, and systems management. Systems philosophy - an overall model for thinking about things as systems. Systems - sets of interacting components working within an environment to fulfill some purpose. Systems analysis - a problem-solving approach that requires defining the scope of the system to be studied, and then dividing it into its component parts for identifying and evaluating its problems, opportunities, constraints, and needs. Systems management - addressing the business, technological, and organization issues associated with making a change to a system. Project manager identify key business, technological, and organizational issues related to each project in order to identify and satisfy key stakeholder...
Read more